What is Technical Debt?
Technical debt is the future cost of shortcuts taken to ship faster today — code or design that will need rework. Like financial debt, it accrues interest: unmanaged, it slows every future change.
Some technical debt is a deliberate, sensible trade-off; the danger is debt that is never repaid. Managing it — through refactoring, tests and clear architecture — keeps a codebase fast to change as it grows.